Angela’s Ashes Essays

Angela’s Ashes Essays Angela’s Ashes Paper Angela’s Ashes Paper Essay Topic: The Book Of the City Of Ladies Oscar Wilde once said, â€Å"The truth is rarely pure and never simple. † Ladies and Gentlemen, it is with great pleasure that I am here today to speak to you about a contentious topic. The question for debate is the definition of a classic and who shall decide which works deserve this highly esteemed title. The canonical value of a work can be decided at the hands of an elite range of high culture intellectuals. This exclusive few can deny the quality of a work, or confer the novels value.Lexically, this guarantee of high aesthetic quality serves a contract that redeems in the authoritative list that ensures the novels value is recognized as a timeless classic for many generations to come. The natural question is then to ask ourselves if the truths conveyed throughout the work have been silenced or marginalized, and to what extent the author has made to produce the whole truth. The novel I will critique and look more closely into during today’s seminar will be Frank Mc Courts’, Angela’s Ashes (1996). SLIDE) Please look towards the screen above me, and you will see some of the novels key facts to familiarize yourself more adequately with the work. To enter the canon, or more importantly to be entered into the canon, is to gain obvious such privileges (Landow, 1989). The canon serves a powerful purpose to regard novels in a light that must be valued and privileged, by both the author and reader. Nevertheless, a novel becomes immortal once entered into the world of canonization, which clearly allows a work to be enjoyed.Read also   ANALYSIS OF OUR SECRET BY SUSAN GRIFFINFailing to gain entrance into the elite can quite often result in the unnoticed. Belonging to the canon confers status, a guarantee of quality, which declares to the reader that there is something to be enjoyed as an aesthetic object (Landow, 1989). The high culture of influential critics, museum directors and board of trustees who make these judgments hold the gate k ey to a fortress of high status. It is of great honour for authors to be a part of this highly esteemed group of elite, the authoritative list.The power of Angela’s Ashes (1996) imbued on every page holds the truths Frank McCourt claims through the story of his childhood. It is through a smokescreen of poverty, sexism and survival that these truths are constructed. The work bears all the marks of a classic, thus, such elements the novel excrete infer that it is of classical value indicative of the awards attained for its achievements. Frank McCourt won the 1997 ‘Pulitzer Prize for biography or autobiography’, the 1996 ‘National Critics Circle Award’ and the 1997 ‘Boeke Prize’ for his memoir. SLIDE) As you can see on the screen above me, there are many works by Frank McCourt have inherited the title of canonical value such as Angela’s Ashes (1996), Teacher Man (2005) and Tis’(1999), but many of McCourt’s ‘truths ’ exhibited in his works have gone under fire. Within Angela’s Ashes (1996), McCourt’s highly lucrative memoir of his childhood managed to portray the fundamental truths about the human condition, a universal theme which confides in every human being.McCourt reconstructed his life as a young boy in Ireland during the late 1930’s, conveying certain truths about the Irish town of Limerick and the dire circumstances he and his family faced. (SLIDE) Many Irish and Irish-Americans took up a resistant reading towards McCourt’s Angela’s Ashes (1996) claiming that the authors ‘exaggerations’ about the poverty and hunger within Ireland in the late 1930s were false. The Irish claimed, â€Å"That never happened. McCourt’s a first-class liar† (Phelan, 2009). The question I am here to discuss is, who the real Frank McCourt was, and did he win the Pulitzer Prize with his memoir under false pretences? Brennan, 2009). (SLIDE) The portrayal of his mother was an important motif in the contemporary framing of the novel. In the very feudal pages of the memoir, Frank McCourt introduces his mother Angela as â€Å"the pious defeated mother moaning by the fire,† (Angela’s Ashes 1996, p 1). Quite early on in the work it is obvious that the reader is going to be exposed to a woman of despair and heartache which will position the reader to disconnect with Angela’s struggle. McCourt fails to marginalize his mother in a way that would situate her in a light of bliss motherhood.Frank McCourt’s depiction of his mother when Malachy left the family for England was anything but fair as her plight to regain her families well-being was silenced. Her defeat came sharply when Frank McCourt described her relationship with Leman Griffin as the reader was positioned to side with Frank’s hurt and anger towards his mother for entering into this scrupulous situation. Memory is an amorphous creation of the human mind that can become more than sedentary recollection (Withey, 2012). Patricia Rampl emphasizes that, â€Å"Each of us must have a created version of the past. Frank McCourt has ‘created’ his work based on memory he has recalled from his earlier years. Angela’s Ashes (1996) depicts McCourt’s’ truth about his childhood, even his most infinitesimal details are authentic as he has constructed the memories into the book, perhaps leaving gaps and silencing certain people, or events, but always transmitting the truths he recollects. McCourt’s remembrances don’t have to follow the bare facts of his life, rather, characterizes the very nature in which the novel steers towards.With time, McCourt would have intensified what was important in his past and lay aside the inconsequential (Withey, 2012). A single memory can clearly illustrate the desperation of McCourt’s childhood in sheer poverty. When he falls asleep I take the gr easy newspaper from the floor. I lick the front page, which is all advertisements for films and dances in the city. I lick the headlines. I lick the great attacks of Patton and Montgomery in France and Germany. I lick the war in the pacific. I lick the obituaries and the sad memorial poems, the sports pages, the market prices of eggs butter and bacon.I suck the paper till there isn’t a smidgen of grease. I wonder what I’ll do tomorrow. Angela’s Ashes, p296 (SLIDE) When image of an event by an adult mind can be intensified, the reader can be cognizant of that licking the war, politics and entertainment is an illustration that hunger and survival are all paramount to all else. McCourt’s truths have shaped the works of Angela’s Ashes (1996), Teacher Man (2005) and Tis’ (1999), to depict a story, a memory, and the truths that have shaped his life. If there are any questions, now is your time to speak up.

The Social World Essays

The Social World Essays The Social World Essay The Social World Essay The Social World The Social World Humans are social creatures, and we would not be able to survive if we could not socialize with anyone. Since we can socialize, our horizons are broadened by a lot. Everyone has feelings and emotions. We have the ability to communicate amongst ourselves and we can also care and love for one another. We have relationships with each other which are based on cause and effect, and we have the ability to understand and obtain knowledge through our socialization. Our main goal in life is to try and make other people feel good. By doing that, we make ourselves feel good. A lady named Dorothy Dinnerstein came up with the seven features of human cognition. The first one is motivated. The two types of motivation are intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic means that we do something for an internal purpose, and extrinsic means that we do something for an external purpose. A good example of intrinsic motivation in the movie Pawn Broker is Jesus, because he is motivated to be the best he can be. In that same movie, the character of Rodriguez is human, because, school, good, very, people, life, cognition, social, out, always, world, person, work, time, started, one, never, hard, friends, football, feel, play, make, lot, hang, example, even, things, since, self, same, ourselves, movie, means

Sustainable Works Reflection Prompt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sustainable Works Reflection Prompt - Essay Example The ethics of this program is to sensitize every individual to take good care of their environment, making it a better place than they found it. It aims at instilling a sense of responsibility, which is crucial for the survival of every human being. When we accustom ourselves to doing such kind acts as ensuring good waste disposal, conserving energy that is not in use, and increasing the forest cover, I think we shall be preparing a green world for generations to come. This program anchors on the philosophy of moral ethics for the betterment of the society in general. The program has a strong correlation with the philosophy theories that I was learning and debating together with my classmates in that, both gear their principles towards persuading the human mind into accepting and practicing certain beliefs, opinions and ideas. While philosophy communicates to us the opinions, ideas, and beliefs of scholars and great thinkers, sustainable works program imparts on us great ideas that c an enable us live harmoniously with our environment. I strongly believe that philosophy study refines our intelligence and boosts our intellectual growth, but we cannot be intellectuals who do very little about their immediate environment. At this particular point, I must admit that the decision I made to join the sustainable works program really transformed my philosophical perception, especially in matters dealing with the environment. Before joining the program, I used to think that the role of environmental protection and sustainable growth solely rested on governments and concerned institutions. Philosophically, I now accord the environment the same essence that I accord human beings. I view human beings, plants, and animals as valuable creatures that deserve the same level of gratification and protection. In my view, any undertaking of sustainable work should not favor the thriving of some these creatures while at the same time, having adverse effect on others. This, I believe , goes against the moral responsibilities of philosophy. Politically, sustainable works program has challenged my inclination and adherence to the environmental sustainability acts and policies. When it comes to the emotional aspect, my compassion for sustainable growth and development has flared, owing to the close association and relationship I now have with the ecosystem. Succinctly, my overall perception of the environment has changed. While undertaking the program, I noticed some of my colleagues with whom we were in the same group react in a manner that suggested that the subject t matter, that is the Sustainable work program, astounded them. This was especially so because most of them were culprits whose activities were counterproductive to environmental sustainability. I think all of us were enthusiastic and a bit nervous because as philosophy students, we studied, and inculcated the thoughts, opinions, ideas, beliefs of great thinkers but one thing we were forgetting was th e ideas, and opinions of those passion were environmentally oriented. I regrettably consider this as an appreciable oversight that is worth noting. Sustainable works program entails several aspects, some of which may be fascinating, especially for first time learners. Nevertheless, one thing I found interesting was the issue of sustainable waste management. Virtually all activities of human endeavors generate wastes, some of which m

Pierre Trudean Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pierre Trudean - Essay Example Therefore, the Charter of Freedom and Rights was enacted and it aimed to keep the individual rights of the Canadians protected, irrespective of their race, caste, creed or religion. The charter would enable the individuals their fundamental rights without any bias or discrimination and it would give importance to the rights of the individuals rather than the laws of the state. Therefore, Trudeau, through the charter, provided the basic rights to every single Canadian, thus influencing their lives to a great extent. Trudeau became a charismatic leader once he started working as the Minister of Justice, in Montreal and he contributed to the passing of bills regarding social welfare measures such as making the gun and arms law stricter and also bringing various reforms in laws that relate to homosexuality as well as abortion. His followers were inspired by Trudeaumania, the nickname given to Trudeau for the outstanding role he played in the Liberty Party, by inspiring each member to str ive towards serving for the country and its people. He drove political factors in the country and encouraged as well as brought to the fore various beneficial reforms starting from the 1960s to the mid 1980s, which included patriation that would increase the federal economic power in the country and also led to institutional changes like the forming of supreme court. He also contributed to the country gaining independence from Britain, as Queen Elizabeth II announced Canada to be exempted from the rule of the British Parliament when Trudeau was in power. Trudeau further increased the economic stability of the country by extending its trade relationships with other countries and he also envisioned peace through various international disarmament discussions he encouraged and attended. The increased economic stability in the country would in turn lead to increase in the purchasing power of the citizens, thus influencing and improving their lifestyle to a large extent. Trudeau had a lot of admirers and followers who praised him for his brilliant intellect and also saluted his political shrewdness in safeguarding the interests of the nation and also unifying it as one. According to Laforest, Trudeau became increasingly â€Å"reconciled with Canadian nationalism† (125) and he did all in his power to inflict feelings of nationalism and patriotism in the people of Canada by strengthening â€Å"the charter to mobilize public opinion† (147). He was also greatly responsible for the Quebec autonomy movement, which restrained an aggressive rebellion on part of the people. Therefore, the presence of Trudeau proved to be a golden era for the people in the country. Analysis Trudeau introduced the landmark Criminal Law Amendment Act in 1968-69. He won his presidency with the majority of votes. He formulated some important laws including Official Languages Act, which guaranteed bilingualism in the civil service. â€Å"If there is any crisis, it is fundamentally b ecause Mr. Trudeau was victorious in his battle against the dualist ideas of Quebec politicians and intellectuals† (Laforest 4). Trudeau Et la Fin D'un Re?ve Canadien In 1970, there was a severe threat for the national security, due to the attack from the terrorist group, Front de liberation du Quebec. Trudeau stood his ground against the terrorist gro

See assessment criteria below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

See assessment criteria below - Essay Example For many years the theology of forgiveness was just that a theological concept, as this research will try and show. However, as the purpose of this research has stated, forgiveness is needed to heal mentally and physically because it is intertwined within many other theories in health care, be it mental health or traditional health care. In conclusion, the research defines that compassion, forgiveness, kindness, and understanding are all societal emotions that fit well into the treatment of mental health care and of which promote a better well defined individual through the treatment process. Before the 1980’s the theology of forgiveness was not very central to the aspect of mental health care but in the past decade many mental health care providers have realized this societal emotion plays a dramatic role in many of the models of mental health. The idea of Spirituality, Physical Well-Being, and Philosophical thought all apparently have a part in the treatment program in mental health care, and the concept of forgiveness is the primary idea in this care paradigm (Scobie & Scobie 1998, p.374). The reason for this is quite logical, because it has been implemented to define sociological behavior as a state of mind affected by various emotions, and one’s actions sometimes require the response of forgiveness in order for a patient or an individual out in society to be able to move past their adversities. If they can not do this then they tend to focus on the adverse elements surrounding them. Their personality, behavior, and physical well being gradually become more attuned to a negative pattern, which then leads to a situation where it becomes harder to provide essential mental health care to help them recover from their disorder. In recent years there has been an abundance of psychotherapeutic information written in regards to this basic theory. One must let go of

Political Communication Concepts

Political Communication Concepts The term political communication has proved to be continually difficult to define with any decisions since both components of the phrase are open to a variety definitions, more or less broad. Communication is and always been a central component in political processes whether it is leaders communicating with the public, candidates competing for votes, combatants struggling for international attention and sympathy, or citizens debating public issues  [1]  . Classic definition of political communication focus on the source and motivation, political communication flows out from the political sphere and must have a political aims. Nevertheless, such definition would not be completely suitable for many of modern sate, particularly given the role of media. Therefore modern texts focus on three on three actors, some of whom operate beyond the boundaries of any singe state, each of whom produce political communication  [2]  . These are: the political sphere itself (they communicate their actions to the society in order to gain legitimacy), secondly non-state actors where we would include a range of organizations with political motivations as well as corporate bodies and the voters  [3]  . Each of these actors communicate message into the political sphere, in hope of having an influence on public life. Finally media which communicate about politics, and influence both: the public as well as political scene. Within the free and pluralis tic societies each of these communicates independently in the same time cooperates with one another. Denton and Woodrow for example provide one definition of political communication as: Pure discussion about the allocations of public resources, official authority, and official sanctions  [4]  . Above definition covers verbal and written political rhetoric, but not symbolic communicates acts, that are extremely important for an understanding of the political process as a whole. The American writer Doris Graber develops a more wide-spread definition of what she terms political language, suggesting that it compromises not only rhetoric but paralinguistic signs such as: body language, and political acts such as boycotts and protests  [5]  . It is necessary to characterize the political communication also through the terms of intension of its senders to influence the political environment. According to Brian McNairn the intentionality of political communication should be simply defined as purposeful communication about politics  [6]  . The scope of such a definition includes: Forms of communication undertaken by political dissidents for the purpose of achieving specific objectives; Communication that is addressed to these actors by non-politicians ( citizens, journalists, and so on); Communication about these actors and their actions, which are contained in the various forms of media. In this case we cannot explore only verbal or written statements, but also visual means of signification (dress, haircut, make-up, outfit) that constitute a political image. The scope of political communication: The problem of political communications directs the attention towards the relationship between three main elements of it by which political communication is initiated and achieved : Political organizations (definition of it) they may seek to do this by attaining institutional, to influence the decision-making process The audience The media Non- elective organisations: Pressure groups, bussines sector, public organistains, terrorist groups Elective political officials : president, prime minister, national and local government, political parties Media (broadcast and print) Public citizens and voters Source: Key concepts in political communication. How communications is made may vary and how audible the message is can be upon the size of any group or level of support for a party, group or cause and the tactics used to get the messages across. In a pluralistic society all groups will communicate among themselves and between one another and will be both learning from and competing with one another. The greater the number of voices competing, the more intense the competition, the better communication groups must be in order to be heard. Thus, we hear about professionalization of political communication, that it has become better in some way in order to be heard by more groups and individuals. The process by which political communication is carried out has evolved, become more technically and technologically sophisticated. (6) and adopted techniques from the world of corporate advertising and marketing in order to compete in the modern information-rich society. Previously form of direct or non-mediated political communication involved public meetings in church halls, cinemas and other places, political campaigns. Such meetings are now few and mainly limited to countries where technology does not allow for the message to be directly to homes  [7]  . Largely, political communication has become an activity aimed at a mass audience using the mass media of television. Direct political communication has become less of a feature in recent elections. As communication technology allowed mass communication, this phenomenon increasingly changed. Mass media not only chose what to broadcast as news but also pick the way it portrays groups in society. Political communication has then moved from being a direct, personal, face to face activity to being conducted indirectly via the mass media of mass communication  [8]  . Changes in communication technology inevitably have a significant influence in all of these areas. The ability to predict the direction, forms, intensity of them is very limited. Consider the example of the proliferation of the internet, that is one of the most spectacular technological developments of the last decades, the internet first represented the revolution for democracy. Citizens and groups have greater access t o political information than ever before which in turn rises the ability to distribute information, views, images, and sounds around the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Everyone with a computer can become a mass medium  [9]  . The three ages in political communication Blumler and Kavanaugh 1999- the first age took place before the start of television when the primary communication channels were strong and stable political institutions such as political parties. In the second age focus shifted to passing on messages through the mass media and increased the demand for communication professionals who were adept at exploiting these channels. In the third still emerging, age of media, the professionalization of political communication becomes even more pronounced. Political actors find themselves attempting to send messages through the multitude of channels of each of which has its own set of demands and formats,

Pride and Prejudice Essay: The Faults of Pride and Prejudice

The Faults of Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If we investigate the themes, characters and setting of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice in an effort to find faults of logic, we must first recognize that the entire work is a fault of logic because Austen's world is a microcosm of one level of society, a level wherein everything and everyone turns out kindly, whether they be heroes or villains, rich or poor, or proud or prejudice.   This is because unlike conventional romantic novels, like Wuthering Heights, there is no deeply passionate love displayed in this novel, no horrific consequences of being left without an annual inheritance, and even the alleged villains of the piece, like Wickham, are sprinkled with enough of the milk of human kindness as to almost make them preferable over some of the non-villains in the work.   Psychologically, this type of mixed-trait character portrayal is realistic of reality because human development occurs as a continual process, one filled with both flaws and successes of c haracter behavior.   Richard Simpson (289)   explicates this point further in his essay, The Critical Faculty of Jane Austen:    Wickham, the modified villain of Pride and Prejudice, has so much charm about him that his sensible and epicurean father-in-law is almost disposed to like him better than his other and more honorable sons.   Miss Austen has a most Platonic inclination to explain any knavishness into folly.   Wickedness in her characters is neither unmixed with goodness, nor is it merely a defect of will; she prefers to exhibit it as a weakness of intelligence, an inability of the commonsense to rule the passions which it neither comprehends nor commands.   It is her philosophy to see not only the soul of goodness in ... ...rratic behavior in other romantic tales of love, but it is quite illogical to argue through characterization that typical human beings share a love for one another without being prone to any of the hyper-emotions and erratic behaviors love often manifests in real human beings.   Therefore, Austen's Pride and Prejudice appears to exhibit some pride and prejudice of its own, particular the fact that Austen seems to suggest people in her social circle are somehow better or more rational at least than typical human beings.      Works Cited Austen, J.   Pride and Prejudice.   New York, Oxford University Press, 1990. Oliphant, M.   "Miss Austen." In Pride and Prejudice, New York, Oxford University Press, 1990: 285-287. Simpson, R.   "The Critical Faculty of Jane Austen."   In Pride and Prejudice, New York, Oxford University Press, 1990:   287-290.

Microsoft’s Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Essay

When we are talking about software, technology, computers involving manufacturers, licenses and supports, what is the company that’s the most popular and operates efficiently? Of course it is the Microsoft Company. Microsoft thought that technology can create occasions and opportunities for many people and organizatiobs around the world. So, they developed new technology that releases creativity, productivity, and opportunity for more and more people around the world. Nowadays, because the world is changing and there are new challenges about the environment, they want to solve these challenges and create new opportunities for people everywhere. They strive to use corporate social responsibility using three approaches. that’s the customers, their employees and human rights. When talking about Corporate Social Responsibility in Microsoft Thailand Company. First, they must look after the customer at the beginning service and after service, because Thai people prefer service more than the quality of products. They sometimes consider than the product maybe doesn’t work so they want the insurance of products or the guarantee from the company that they’ll received a new product if they have problems with the product. And they need to do some activity that’s shed light to care of environment by Promote the activity of conservation though some location such as the mall or market because when their product was produced, it’ll affect to the nature and make much pollution. Second, their employees and organization. Because their employees are innovators from every corners of the world, they have to pay attention to compensation and benefits. If Microsoft pays them high, it will be motivation. Because of their diverse life experiences, ambition, skill, ability and commitment makes Microsoft working efficiently and help understand customer needs. Not only the compensation but Microsoft must look after employees healthy and safety too. Finally, this is the one important factor of Corporate Social Responsibility , that is the human rights. Human Rights are the rights you have simply because you’re human. Millions of Thai people consisting of workers or students prefer Microsoft products more others, so what does it mean? Because Thai people believe that the first technology product come from foreigner’s country will make whole  them life better than before whether they are at home or anywhere in the world. So, Microsoft company in Thailand must interested about Thai customers and take care of them. First is about Insurance or guarantee of products. When Thai people buy a product they areafraid that the product might not work. Microsoft must check carefully about the product before the customers purchase it. If the product really doesn’t work, they must give a new product to the customer concerning the agreement. Next topic about Microsoft Corporate Social Responsibility to customer is Promote the activity of conservation, that’s will make Thai people believe that’s Microsoft is helping to save the world. Why Microsoft company should to do that? Because when their are producing something, it’ll affect to the nature and make much polution. The pollution will effect people’s health, So conservation is the important activity that’s the company must do. According to Lisa Brummel, Chief People Officer (2012), â€Å"Life at Microsoft is about more than just the work. it’s about who we are as people. We have a passion for life, for creating outstanding products, and for helping othersrealize their full potential†. She want to mean the important factor that’s will make products useful and efficiently are the people consist of employee, officer and organization. Microsoft must to take care this factor in three way. First is Compensation and benefits. Microsoft offers good pay, performance awards and attractive benefits packages for their employees. They also shift a portion of stock-award targets into employee base salaries. They also increased funding to deliver 100 percent of target bonus and stock awards for approximately 85 percent of eligible employees. Second, training and development. Microsoft makes their employees never stop seeking new opportunities to grow up. They continually evaluate and evolve their training opportunities to meet their specific needs. They do this by adapting programs to meet a variety of learning styles, in the classroom, online, through video, and in other forms. (Training magazine’s Top 10 Hall of Fame, 2012). Finally is about Health and safety of the employees. Microsoft has prepared a robust Employee Safety and Health Manual. â€Å"We also enhanced the ability of employees working in labs or in research and development to get quick and easy access to information about chemicals used at Microsoft by making nearly 1600 material safety data sheets available to  them in the cloud. (Susan Lucas-Conwell, CEO) In conclusion, Microsoft indicated that they have perfect human resource management. So, Microsoft has been well-known as one of the top companies for corporate social responsibility relating to human resource management. If you asked Thai people, â€Å"What are human rights?† you would get many different answers. They would tell you the rights they know about, but very few people know all their rights. So, The United for Human Rights explained about this, â€Å"Human Rights†, means â€Å"The rights you have simply because you’re human†. According to Jean-Philippe Courtois, President Microsoft International (2012), †People all over the world exercise fundamental human rights when they use our technology. Respecting these rights is one way we help people and businesses throughout the world realize their full potential.† So, Microsoft significance about the human rights and applied in the organization. Privacy and data security is the first topic of the human rights in the Microsoft company. As people spend more time online, the risk of privacy and data security attacks continue to rise. So they launched a companywide response with the Trustworthy Computing initiative, which made privacy and data security our highest priorities in product development. They continue to find innovative ways to protect theircustomer’s privacy and keep their information secure. Next is the Freedom of expression. Internet freedom may seem like a given to some, but for many people around the world, it’s not that simple. They adopted a freedom of expression policy to guide their decision making when approached by governments that want to filter or censor Internet content. After that, they continued to support the free exchange of ideas and information online through their membership in the Global Network Initiative. In conclusion, after Microsoft has success in the field of human rights that’s make the trust to the world and reputation is continue enhancing until today. For the aforementioned reasons, Microsoft won’t stop develop their operations because the above functions are important to them. And they are committed to responsible practices in their own operations, with policies and programs that ensure they act as a good corporate citizen everywhere they do business. Because of their good basic aspects of business character  consist of integrity, values, and transparency made the public trust their corporations. Thai people also trust their operations and products but Microsoft have to notice what are Thai people also Additional need something? And continue survey what are they want. The survey can do by many ways its up to the company decided such as face-to-face interview, telephone survey, written questionnaire and focus group. In closing, Microsoft is a successful company with many products. Their products make the company well-known and famous so much such as B-Ing, the famous search engine. X-Box, Gaming console that many people enjoy. Microsoft Office, the useful tool with many applications that is helpful to students and teachers in education. And Microsoft Windows, the most famous software in the world. Until today no company can produce the products that’s better than Microsoft and I believe that the Microsoft will be the top of mind of people around the world forever.

The Impact of Inflation on Capital Budgeting and Working Capital

A major impact on both financial theory and the practice of financial decision making has been the economic instability, especially in prices, evidenced in the U. S. economy since the mid 1960’s. Inflation in the past few years has not been a major macro economic problem, but its spectere, as demonstrated by the Fed’s recent increases in interest rates, is never for the agendas of financial decision makers. Macro economic instability has necessitated that expectations about the future rate of inflation be taken into consideration in making decision(s) about which capital projects will be undertaken by a firm. Nominal cash flows determine its degree of profitability. However, in making the capital budgeting decision both real and nominal concepts must be considered. The purpose of this paper is to continue the discussion of the role of inflation in capital budgeting, and to focus on the individual components of the process to draw specific conclusions with respect to the interaction between the cost of capital, inflation, and the cash flow variables within a DCF – IRR framework. Much research has been published examining the impact of inflation on the capital budgeting decision making process, and, although inflation is not currently a serious problem, bitter lessons from the 1975-1985 period of rapid price increases, coupled with the potential of future inflation, argue for continued research in this field. In a famous article, Rappaport and Taggart [14] examined various methods for incorporating the effect of inflation into capital budgeting. They provided an analysis which showed the differential impact of using a gross profit per unit approach, a nominal cash flow approach (where individual forecasts are incorporated into each component of cash flow) and a real cash flow approach in which a general price deflator is used to deflate nominal cash flows. In another early article dealing with the subject, Van Horne [16] showed that to be consistent, inflation in forecasting cash flows must also be reflected in a discount rate containing inflation; that is, a bias was introduced if nominal cash flows were discounted at the real and not nominal cost of capital. Cooley, Roenfeldt and Chew revealed the mechanics by which inflation adjustments can be incorporated into the capital budgeting process [6]. At the same time, Nelson [12] demonstrated the theoretical impact of inflation on capital budgeting and showed how inflation would shift the entire NPV schedule of a capital budget downward for a set or projects. Bailey and Jensen [1] have analyzed how price level adjustments affect the process in detail and specifically how various price level adjustments might change the ranking of projects. Rappaport and Taggart attempt to combine the simplicity of a gross profit per unit methodology of adjusting for inflation with the more realistic nominal case flow and real cash flow approaches. A gross profit per unit focus on Revenues – Cost of Sales divided by units, and can treat inflation by simply inflating this gross profit per unit as opposed to measuring inflation for both revenues and cost of sales. This is done by making the simplifying assumption that gross margin as a percent of sales is constant over time, [14, p. 2] which they point out is the same as assuming that EBIT is a constant percentage of sales over time, or that revenues and costs increase at the same rate. In this paper we examine a number of issues raised by Rappaport and Taggart in the area of inflation and capital spending. Specifically, we will analyze the following areas: 1. What is the relationship between the cost of capital and inflation? 2. What is the relationship between inflation in the ag gregate and the price a firm places on its specific product that results from a capital budgeting decision? Assuming costs rise at the aggregate or average rate of inflation, what can we say about expectations of the price of output of the firm? 3. What role do depreciable and non-depreciable assets play in the interaction of the variables? How does the presence of plant and equipment as a depreciable asset and the presence of net working capital as a nondepreciable asset impact on the role of inflation in the capital budgeting process?

Analytical Essay Sample on Organizational Behavior Main Barriers and Steps to Overcome Them

Analytical Essay Sample on Organizational Behavior Main Barriers and Steps to Overcome Them Essay on Barriers to effective communication in a group: Effective communication is very significant for the determination of the company’s trend. It is important to note that effective communication fosters the attainment of the group’s preset goals. Conversely, miscommunication leads to delivery of invalid information hence decline in the productivity of the group. In severe cases, lack of effective communication promotes misunderstanding between the involved parties thus may end up in conflicts. In order for communication to hold and be effective, the mode of information transmission ought to be reliable, and this will deem complete upon the reception of the feedback. However, it is difficult to attain effective communication owing to various barriers that deem detrimental. The management of every organization should enact policies governing communication within the hierarchy of the group to avert the encroaching barriers. Lack of trust Trust is one of the fundamental elements of any successful team. As highlighted, the level of trust progresses positively or negatively in each interaction amongst members of a given group (Robbins and Tim 316). When trust cease to exist between various parties within the group, then the information may not reach the intended destination in its original form. Lack of trust hinders the communication process in the sense that some group members may distort some information aimed at enhancing communication. This implies lack of trust is an impetus to information distortion and manipulation that lead to miscommunication hence making the organization less effective. Trust instills confidence amongst the group members hence the increased openness amongst the group members. This boosts the efficiency of the communication. Information Filtering A sender may intentionally manipulate information so that it appears favorable. For instance, when a manager tells his/her boss exactly what he feels, the boss may opt to hear only what he wants. This attitude tends to flow with the level at which an employee is in the hierarchy of the organization. However, filtering sometimes occurs in are status differences. Reasons of fear of conveying displeasing news and the effort of pleasing the boss forces employees often to convey only the message that they think their superiors want to hear. This distorts upward communications (Robbins and Tim 316). Selective perception and perceptual barriers An employee on the receiving end might capitalize on selective perception whereby he/she contributes to communication based on their respective current needs, motivations, experience, background, and some other personal characteristics. Likewise, receivers project their own interests and personal expectations into communications when decoding information. In some cases, the inferiority complex amongst the junior members of the organization may deter them from delivering the actual information to their senior counterparts in management owing to their fear of being fired. Information overload Our mind has a limited data processing capacity. In situations when we are bombarded with much information exceeding the processing capacity, this causes information. This becomes a barrier of communicating since people can only manage a limited amount of information. It is apparent that, the levels of understanding amongst the group members vary significantly. Some modes of communication therefore may deem ineffective owing to some members of the organization owing to their differences in various perspectives that may include education level, physical disparities, and other factors. Emotional factors Emotional status of an employee can cause one to interpret a given message in a different perspective. Some of the emotional disruptions are anger and depression. One can have a different interpretation to similar information when angry and when happy. Emotions in the work place may lead to withdrawal of an employee and distrust. In cases of anger, an employee can cause harm to others and become less productive. Language barrier It important to note that, various organizations draw its membership from persons of different cultural backgrounds such as race, ethnicity, and religion. Some of the organization members may find difficult to fathom the official language embraced by the organization. This is mainly due to the language barrier. The use of some anecdotes may mean differently to a faction of the group members. This is highly witnessed when employees get used to abbreviations. Language barrier is common especially due to the different age groups in the work place. This results to inefficient flow of information, and at times, it may result in misunderstanding among the employees. Silence Any rational employer should not ignore silence since it means absence of information on the ongoing operations in an organization. Therefore, it is important for the management of the organization to encourage feedback from its members regarding client satisfaction, job satisfaction, and other feedbacks with respect to their notices and press releases. Silence means no communication at all. Employees, who decide to go silent about what they are going through, may also suffer psychological stress. The senior management should encourage downward communication, job satisfaction and to solve the problem of intimidation. It is apparent that silence is less where the management holds the opinions of the minority with high esteem (Robbins and Tim 316). Poor communication channels Members of a given group can send and receive information in several ways; different types of messages need different types of communicating channels, with factors of time and distance. Some communication media are more effective compared to others; given the situation. Some channels of communication may deem slow hence untimely delivery of the information. Normally, the face-to-face (FTF) medium of communication is the most reliable means to ensure the correct perception of the information. California Pizza Kitchen scenario The effectiveness of communication has been significantly interfered with, at the California Pizza Kitchen, which is an established fast food company. It is apparent that the company is a global leader in fast foods. The locations of the company’s branches mainly dwell in the flight destinations and stopovers globally. Therefore, most of the company’s customers are diverse in terms of race, ethnicity, and religious backgrounds among other factors. Recently, the company has reported a significant decline in its profits owing to decreased customers. The main cause of this is that the company has not been able to meet the demands of their customers because its employees are drawn from the USA and thus do not understand the expression of its customers whose native languages are not English with regard to tastes and preferences. It is also evident that there is a gap between the management of California Pizza Kitchen and its junior employees. This is attributed to poor commu nication channels between the top management of the company and its junior employees. Mostly, the managers use the notice board to communicate with the companys employees. This is ineffective in the sense that its employees hardly find time to check on the notice boards. This has led to the failure of the employees to respond to the demands made by the management through the issuance of the notices. Therefore, the development of cold relationship between the management and the junior employees is simmering hence denting the performance and reputation of the company (Robbins, Judge, Millett, and Waters-Marsh 253) Overcoming the barriers Lack of trust In order to address miscommunication that accrues because of this barrier, the management of the organization should capacity build its members by carrying out education workshops on a regular basis. This fosters the team building and inculcation of trust among the group members. By engaging the members in get-together parties and motivational trips, the members will be able to share ideas hence gain trust amongst themselves. During these meetings, the junior members will be able to interact with their managers hence get rid of the allayed fear whilst gaining trust. Communication in this case will be smooth and effective due to high level of trust amongst the group members. Silence and poor communication channels Silence means there is a lack of feedback to sender regarding disseminated information. The management of the organization should encourage its members to acknowledge the reception of the information disseminated and to provide feedbacks promptly. In order to avert silence, the management should involve all members in coming up with the most appropriate channels of communication that deems fit for members to receive the information and provide the feedback in a timely manner. By involving all members, the management will identify and do away with the poor communication channels. Language barrier The management of the organization should enact policies regarding the employee behaviors and the formal language embraced by the company. The full understanding of the formal language recommended by the company should be part of the hiring requirements. This will alleviate miscommunication resulting from the language barrier. Emotional factors and information filtering Depending on the nature of the information to be disseminated, the management of the organization should monitor the moods of the intended recipients before passing the information. In some cases, guidance and counseling of the intended recipients is necessary to prepare them for the negative impacts the information may have on them. Information filtering is therefore, not necessary.

Jewish Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Jewish - Research Paper Example This started with the people who occupied the area that was between the Nile, the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers. The land of Cannan, which was later called as Isreal was surrounded by ancient seats of cultural manifestations within Egypt and Babylonia as well as the deserts of Arabia. It was also encircles by the highlands that came from the Asia Minor. This indeed was an area that saw a number of civilizations coming to the fore of each other. This area was negotiated by the age-old trade links and thus comprised of the significant harbors on the Gulf of Akaba as well as on the Mediterranean coast where it exposed towards the influential patterns of a number of other cultures, most of which hailed from the Fertile Crescent. This paper takes a keen look at the Jewish historical basis and studies in-depth the different representations of culture, arts and politics within the world of Judaism. Conventionally it has been seen that the Jews all over the world have claimed that their descent has been mostly lying within the ancient Israelites, the ones who settled within the initial land of Israel. It is for this manner that the Israelites have long and hard traced their shared lineage with Abraham who was the biblical patriarch through Isaac and Jacob, both of whom were Hebrews and essentially the descendants of Eber. On the same token, the Jewish beliefs hold fast on to the claim that the Israelites were indeed the descendants of Jacob's 12 sons, one of whom was Judah who initially settled within Egypt. It was within Egypt that their descendants were put to slavery by the Egyptian pharaoh, who was often known by the name of Ramses II. When one studies the ancient conventional basis of the Jews, there is evidence in the fact that the Jewish Israelites left their country, Egypt being their own to Canaan which was essentially led by their prophet Moses. What this event did wa s to mark the very basis of formation of the Israelites as a nation, which was later divided into twelve different tribes, all of whom are kept after Jacob's sons. Jewish tradition as well as the Bible, the time from Genesis towards the Malachi has told that the Israelites moved about in a freely roaming fashion within the deserts for more than four decades after which they were able to conquer Canaan under the aegis of Joshua, thus dividing the very land amongst the twelve varied tribes. There was a period of time within the Jewish history when the twelve different tribes were led by a series of judges who were essentially the rulers themselves. After this period had passed, an Israelite monarchy was instituted upon within the land under the aegis of Saul as he continued to work under King David and Solomon, the latter being his son. Since King David was the ruler of the time, he made his mark by conquering Jerusalem, where his mode of attack included capturing a Canaanite and late r on a Jebusite town, where he made the same as the capital. King David's son was proactive in his approach as he constructed the First Temple within Jerusalem. Later on, Solomon's period in office was further divided into a couple of kingdoms - Israel which consisted of ten different tribes within the north, and Judah that entailed of those tribes within Judah and Benjamin, both of which lied in the south. Assyrian ruler Shalmaneser V captured Israel in the 8th century BCE. Unfortunately there is no evidence in the f

Financial Management Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial Management Assignment - Essay Example The majority stakeholders were Vodafone Group Plc and Verizon Communications holding 45 percent and 55 percent stakes respectively. In the past both groups have tried to acquire higher stake in the entity. But the negotiations between them failed multiple times due to failure in arriving at right price for the deal. At one point of time Verizon suspended dividend payout to Vodafone for 6 years which many analysts perceive as a move that was aimed at pushing Vodafone to exit the venture. The primary reason for such motive was get higher ownership in Verizon Wireless that had become the third largest telecom entity in United States in very small amount of time. the negotiations regarding stake sale failed in the past because Verizon Communication estimated that true value of Verizon Wireless was approximately $100 billion and it was willing to pay this amount to Vodafone to exit the venture. But, Vodafone estimates that after including the intangible aspects and future potential of Ver izon Wireless in ever growing US and European markets should be much higher (approx $130 billion). Thus, the deal was successfully struck that was close to a decade in the making (Financial Times, 2013). The terms and conditions of the deal are so agreed upon between the two entities that the change in ownership structure will not impact the services to odd 100 million customers of Verizon Wireless. The stock markets reacted positively to the deal announcement. The share prices of Vodafone surged to 12 year high in the international stock markets thereby increasing shareholders’ wealth by taking total market capitalisation of the company to all new highs (Reuters, 2013). In contrast the share prices of Verizon Communications rose by approximately 3 percent on the day when Vodafone officially announced the deal. More specific details of the deal reveals that Vodafone will get about $59.8 billion in cash; remaining $60.1 billion